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- 48 bpm
- Irregular
- Nil P waves visible
- Right axis deviation
- QRS - Prolonged
- ST Elevation leads I, aVL, V1-4
- ST depression leads III, aVF
- Bizarre broad QRS without typical BBB
- Prominent T waves leads V3-6
Key abnormalities:
The differentials of these ECG findings are relatively broad but the immediate life-threats would be:
Other causes include myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and hypothermia.
We must always take our ECG differentials to the bedside and consider them within the clinical presentation and scenario. ECG abnormalities in the acutely unwell diabetic should always prompt consideration of hyperkalaemia and acid-base disturbance as the primary cause. We must also be mindful that diabetic emergencies can be precipitated by acute cardiac ischaemia and also cause hypercoagulable states.
This patient had no associated chest pain nor any history of cardiac disease. The patients initial VBG showed diabetic ketoacidosis with severe hyperkalaemia, K 8.7 mmol/L. Following initial treatment of DKA and hyperkalaemia a repeat ECG was performed with K 5.4 mmol/L.
We can now see resolution of the QRS prolongation, restoration of sinus rhythm and normalisation of the ST / T wave changes.
References / Further Reading
Life in the Fast Lane
Textbook
- Slow atrial fibrillation
- QRS Prolongation
- High lateral ST elevation
- Prominent precordial T waves
The differentials of these ECG findings are relatively broad but the immediate life-threats would be:
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Hyperkalaemia +/- acidaemia
- Drug toxicity
Other causes include myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and hypothermia.
We must always take our ECG differentials to the bedside and consider them within the clinical presentation and scenario. ECG abnormalities in the acutely unwell diabetic should always prompt consideration of hyperkalaemia and acid-base disturbance as the primary cause. We must also be mindful that diabetic emergencies can be precipitated by acute cardiac ischaemia and also cause hypercoagulable states.
This patient had no associated chest pain nor any history of cardiac disease. The patients initial VBG showed diabetic ketoacidosis with severe hyperkalaemia, K 8.7 mmol/L. Following initial treatment of DKA and hyperkalaemia a repeat ECG was performed with K 5.4 mmol/L.
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References / Further Reading
Life in the Fast Lane
Textbook
- Chan TC, Brady WJ, Harrigan RA, Ornato JP, Rosen P. ECG in Emergency Medicine and Acute Care. Elsevier Mosby 2005.
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